What nerves run through the guttural pouch?

The glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory and hypoglossal nerves; the sympathetic trunk leaving from the cranial cervical ganglion; and the internal carotid all cause a mucosal fold indent within the medial compartment, visible when viewed endoscopically. The facial nerve is in contact with the dorsal part of the pouch.

What is the function of the guttural pouch?

It is shown that the function of the guttural pouch in the horse is to cool the internal carotid arteries (ICA) during exercise, thus keeping the brain from overheating.

Where does the guttural pouch drain?

Eustachian tube
In this disease, the thin lining of the guttural pouch becomes inflamed and the guttural pouch becomes filled with thick pus. This material can drain through the Eustachian tube opening into the pharynx, and from there to the nasal passages and out the nostril.

What clinical signs are associated with an infection of the guttural pouch?

Clinical signs include intermittent purulent nasal discharge, painful swelling in the parotid area, and in severe cases, stiff head carriage and stertorous breathing. Fever, depression, and anorexia may or may not be seen. Diagnosis is determined by endoscopic examination of the guttural pouch.

How do you treat guttural pouch mycosis?

Medical treatment for guttural pouch mycosis involves the infusion of topical antifungal agents into the affected guttural pouch with or without systemic antifungal medications. The response to topical treatment is generally slow (taking up to 5 months) and the success of such treatment varies greatly.

What is a guttural pouch flush?

A catheter will be passed into the nasal cavity, through the nasopharynx and into the guttural pouch. Once the catheter is correctly placed, a large amount of sterile electrolyte is flushed into the pouch under pressure. Pressure can be achieved with a pump, manually or with a fluid pressure bag.

What causes guttural pouch infection?

Aspergillus species of fungus are common causes of these infections, although other species are sometimes identified. The infection is usually seen in mature horses that are stabled. Guttural pouch mycosis causes damage to the cranial nerves and to the arteries found in the lining of the guttural pouch.

How is mycosis guttural pouch diagnosed?

The normal appearance of the opening to the left guttural pouch (black arrow) can also be seen. Endoscopy of the guttural pouch is the goal standard to diagnose guttural pouch mycosis. This involves passing an endoscope, which is a small flexible camera, up the nose and into the guttural pouches.

Where are the nerves located in the guttural pouch?

The glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory and hypoglossal nerves; the sympathetic trunk leaving from the cranial cervical ganglion; and the internal carotid all cause a mucosal fold indent within the medial compartment, visible when viewed endoscopically. The facial nerve is in contact with the dorsal part of the pouch.

What are the functions of the guttural pouch?

The guttural pouch has close association with many major structures including several cranial nerves (glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal), the sympathetic trunk and the external and internal carotid arteries.

What kind of blood vessels pass through the guttural pouch?

Additionally, several important blood vessels, namely the internal carotid artery, external carotid artery, and maxillary artery, all pass along the walls of the guttural pouch in order to provide blood supply to the brain and head. Guttural pouch mycosis is a fungal infection of one or both guttural pouches.

Where are the guttural pouches located in the mouse?

Guttural pouch. Jump to navigation Jump to search. Guttural pouches are large, auditory-tube diverticula that contain between 300 and 600 ml of air. They are present in odd-toed mammals, some bats, hyraxes, and the American forest mouse. They are paired bilaterally just below the ears, behind the skull and connect to the nasopharynx.