What is meant by microstrip antenna?

In telecommunication, a microstrip antenna (also known as a printed antenna) usually means an antenna fabricated using photolithographic techniques on a printed circuit board (PCB). It is a kind of internal antenna. They are mostly used at microwave frequencies.

How does a microstrip antenna work?

The microstrip consists of a very thin metallic strip placed on a ground plane with a dielectric material in-between. When the antenna is excited, the waves generated within the di-electric undergo reflections and the energy is radiated from the edges of the metal patch which is very low.

What is a microstrip antenna used for?

In global positioning satellite (GPS) systems, circularly polarised microstrip antennae are used. They are very compact in size and quite expensive due to their positioning. Microstrip antennae are also used in the fields of RFID (radio frequency identification), mobile communication and healthcare.

What are the characteristics of microstrip antenna?

A Microstrip Antenna in its simplest form consists of a radiating patch on one side of Dielectric substrate and a ground plane on the other side. Most common shapes are rectangular and circular. However, other Shapes such as the square, mendered, triangular, semicircular and annular ring Shapes are also used.

What are the antenna parameters?

Typical parameters of antennas are gain, bandwidth, radiation pattern, beamwidth, polarization, and impedance. The antenna pattern is the response of the antenna to a plane wave incident from a given direction or the relative power density of the wave transmitted by the antenna in a given direction.

What are the three types of antennas?

There are several different types of antennas in three broad categories: omni-directional, directional, and semi-directional.

What is efficiency of microstrip antenna?

A microstrip patch antenna was designed and fabricated. The measurement results show that the patch antenna efficiency at 2.468 GHz is around 80%.

What is the principle of antenna?

A transmitting antenna is one, which converts electrical signals into electromagnetic waves and radiates them. A receiving antenna is one, which converts electromagnetic waves from the received beam into electrical signals. In two-way communication, the same antenna can be used for both transmission and reception.

How is a microstrip antenna connected to a transmitter?

Most microstrip antennas consist of multiple patches in a two-dimensional array. The antenna is usually connected to the transmitter or receiver through foil microstrip transmission lines. The radio frequency current is applied (or in receiving antennas the received signal is produced) between the antenna and ground plane.

What is the bandwidth of a microstrip patch antenna?

First, the bandwidth of the patch antenna is very small. Rectangular patch antennas are notoriously narrowband; the bandwidth of rectangular microstrip antennas are typically 3%. Secondly, the microstrip antenna was designed to operate at 100 MHz, but it is resonant at approximately 96 MHz.

What is the resonant frequency of a microstrip antenna?

Rectangular patch antennas are notoriously narrowband; the bandwidth of rectangular microstrip antennas are typically 3%. Secondly, the microstrip antenna was designed to operate at 100 MHz, but it is resonant at approximately 96 MHz. This shift is due to fringing fields around the antenna, which makes the patch seem longer.

Which is the best microstrip antenna for telemedicine?

In telemedicine application, microstrip antennae operate at 2.45 GHz. Wearable microstrip antennae are suitable for wireless body area network. An antenna having gain of 6.7 dB and front-to-back ratio of 11.7 dB, and resonating at 2.45 GHz is suitable for telemedicine applications.