What is PTGS2 gene?

PTGS2 (Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with PTGS2 include Familial Adenomatous Polyposis and Gastric Ulcer. Among its related pathways are WNT Signaling and Overview of nanoparticle effects.

What is the function of prostaglandin G2?

Prostaglandin H synthase catalyzes the formation of prostaglandin (PG) G2 from arachidonic acid (cyclooxygenase activity), and also the reduction of PGG2 to PGH2 (peroxidase activity).

What is the role of cyclooxygenase?

Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme (specifically, a family of isozymes, EC 1.14. 99.1) that is responsible for formation of prostanoids, including thromboxane and prostaglandins such as prostacyclin, from arachidonic acid.

What is prostaglandin G H synthase?

Function. Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), also known as cyclooxygenase (COX), is the key enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis. It converts free arachidonic acid, released from membrane phospholipids at the sn-2 ester binding site by the enzymatic activity of phospholipase A2, to prostaglandin (PG) H2.

What is COX 1 and COX-2?

The cyclooxygenase isoenzymes, COX-1 and COX-2, catalyze the formation of prostaglandins, thromboxane, and levuloglandins. The prostaglandins are autocoid mediators that affect virtually all known physiological and pathological processes via their reversible interaction with G-protein coupled membrane receptors.

Where is prostaglandin found?

Prostaglandins are found in most tissues and organs. They are produced by almost all nucleated cells. They are autocrine and paracrine lipid mediators that act upon platelets, endothelium, uterine and mast cells. They are synthesized in the cell from the fatty acid arachidonic acid.

What is COX-1 and COX-2?

Is cyclooxygenase and prostaglandin?

Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), also known as cyclooxygenase (COX), is the key enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis, and acts both as a dioxygenase and as a peroxidase.

What is the difference between COX-1 and cox2 inhibitors?

In the gastrointestinal tract, COX-1 maintains the normal lining of the stomach and intestines, protecting the stomach from the digestive juices. 4 The enzyme is also involved in kidney and platelet function. COX-2, on the other hand, is primarily found at sites of inflammation.

What kind of enzyme is prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2?

Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2. Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase) (The HUGO official symbol is PTGS2; HGNC ID, HGNC:9605 ), also known as cyclooxygenase-2 or COX-2, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTGS2 gene. In humans it is one of two cyclooxygenases.

Which is oxidized by hydroperoxide in the Cox cycle?

A hydroperoxide oxidizes the heme to a ferryl-oxo derivative that either is reduced in the first step of the peroxidase cycle or oxidizes Tyrosine 385 to a tyrosyl radical. The tyrosyl radical can then oxidize the 13-pro (S) hydrogen of arachidonic acid to initiate the COX cycle.

Which is the weakest bond in organic peroxide?

The O−O bond is relatively weak, with a bond dissociation energy of 45–50 kcal/mol (190–210 kJ/mol), less than half the strengths of C−C, C−H, and C−O bonds. Major classes of organic peroxides include: hydroperoxides, compounds with the functionality ROOH (R = alkyl).

When does PGHS-2 peroxidase and PTGS fall to zero?

Both the peroxidase and PTGS activities are inactivated during catalysis by mechanism-based, first-order processes, which means that PGHS-2 peroxidase or PTGS activities fall to zero within 1–2 minutes, even in the presence of sufficient substrates.

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