What is a MAX1044?

Description. The MAX1044 and ICL7660 are monolithic, CMOS switched-capacitor voltage converters that invert, double, divide, or multiply a positive input voltage. They are pin compatible with the industry-standard ICL7660 and LTC1044.

What is ICL7660?

ICL7660 is a charge pump voltage converter IC used to invert the input voltage. This IC can be found in instrumentation and memory circuits. If you looking for low current dual supply voltage design then this IC is the correct choice.

What is a charge pump in electronics?

A charge pump is a kind of DC-to-DC converter that uses capacitors for energetic charge storage to raise or lower voltage. Charge-pump circuits are capable of high efficiencies, sometimes as high as 90–95%, while being electrically simple circuits.

How do you create a negative voltage?

There are a number of ways to generate a negative voltage, mainly dependent on the input voltage, output voltage and output current required. Examples include: inverting charge pumps; inverting buck-boost converters; and CUK converters.

What is the purpose of a charge-pump?

Charge-pump voltage converters accomplish energy transfer and voltage conversion using charges stored on capacitors, thus the name, charge-pump. Using switching techniques, charge pumps convert supply voltage of one polarity to a higher or lower voltage, or to an alternate polarity (at either higher or lower voltage).

How do you convert DC-to-DC?

A basic DC-DC converter takes the current and passes it through a switching element, which turns the DC signal into an AC square wave signal. This wave is, then passes through another filter which turns it back into a DC signal of the required voltage.

Is negative voltage the same as ground?

There also exists, in wide use, circuits that run on dual voltage power supplies. The power supply provides a positive voltage, a negative voltage, and a ground. The two voltages are usually approximately equal (but opposite) so the ground is nearly exactly in between them.

Why do we need negative DC voltage?

There are chances that thundering can cause positive voltage in the equipment circuit. Since negative voltage has a lack of electrons, it can neutralize the positive charge that can avoid producing heat. It is the highest, more safe that compromise voltage to pass over long wires.

How does a charge pump circuit work?

The charge pump uses capacitors as the energy-storage element. In the basic execution of this power-conversion technique, current (charge) is alternately switched and directed between two capacitors arranged so the circuit output is twice the input, and thus functioning as a voltage-doubling boost converter.

What is the purpose of a DC-to-DC converter?

DC-DC converters are high-frequency power conversion circuits that use high-frequency switching and inductors, transformers, and capacitors to smooth out switching noise into regulated DC voltages. Closed feedback loops maintain constant voltage output even when changing input voltages and output currents.

Why do you need a DC-to-DC converter?

Unstable or improper voltage supplies can lead to characteristics degradation and even malfunction. To prevent this, a DC-DC converter is needed to convert and stabilize the voltage. A device that stabilizes the voltage using a DC-DC converter is referred to as a voltage regulator.

Is ground positive or negative?

This is also often referred to as negative ground, i.e. the negative line is used as the ground – also referred to as return or common – and the positive line is the “hot” line which carries the +12 or +24 volt potential.